There are some theories are mentioned in Operations history. For instance, Frederick Taylor using science and number research to find the most production method is that it is management's responsibility to control and push the lazy worker to perform and be efficient. Elton Mayo thought employee perform better by monitoring.
Theory X believe that should control people as detail as possible which is tight control of employees.
Theory Y believe that workers are self motivated given a supportive work environment which is empower the employees.
Theory Z believe every employee is part of a consensual decision making process which is depend on the nature of task and when workers feel like partners in the business they become more productive and perform better.
To produce a product or service, the six M's of capacity are important. For instance, what is the best and most efficient method to produce a product? the material is available and in good quality. well trained productive workers, reliable machines, enough money to run or invest for production, and system to share information.
The reason to have inventory is inventory on hand to reduce the cost and production delay or any unpredictable conditions such as supplier increase price, uncertain production demands.
Mass customization is the new technology and integration to produce a product with low cost of modern mass production.
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